,9T]NA;NAL ,COMMITTEE = ,ROBOT ,>MS ,3TROL "<,,ICRAC"> ,,LAWS3 ,T5 ,PROBLEMS ,= ,GLOBAL ,SECUR;Y BY ,FRANK ,SAU] ,PUBLI%$ BY ! ,9T]NA;NAL ,COMMITTEE = ,ROBOT ,>MS ,3TROL "<,,ICRAC"> ,COPY"R ^C #BJAE ,FRANK ,SAU] & ! ,9T]NA;NAL ,COMMITTEE = ,ROBOT ,>MS ,3TROL "<,,ICRAC"> ,TRANSCRIP;N ( HTTP3_/_/ICRAC4NET_/" WP-3TENT_/UPLOADS_/#BJAE_/#JD_/" ,,LAWS-#AJ-,PROBLEMS-=-,GLOBAL-" ,SECUR;Y4PDF;' ,TRANSCRIB$ "<,,UEB"> #BJAF BY ,DONALD ;,J4 ,W9IECKI ,BOISE1 ,,ID1 ,,USA ,9 #A ,VOLUME ,BRL PAGES T#A-T#B1 #A-#I ,PR9T PAGES #A-#B T#A ,,LAWS3 ,T5 ,PROBLEMS ,= ,GLOBAL ,SECUR;Y ,,,SPECIAL SYMBOLS US$ 9 ? VOLUME,' .= ,DOT LOCATOR = 8M5;N0 .=8 ,LEFT QUOTA;N M>K .=0 ,"R QUOTA;N M>K .=^C ,COPY"R SIGN .=^1 ,BOLDFACE ^W 9DICATOR .=^7 ,BOLDFACE PASSAGE 9DICATOR .=^' ,BOLDFACE T]M9ATOR .=_4 ,BULLET .=_/ ,SOLIDUS "<=W>D SLA%"> .="< ,LEFT P>5!SIS .="> ,"R P>5!SIS .=" ,L9E 3T9UA;N 9DICATOR .="" ,L9E 3T9UA;N 9DICATOR ) SPACE .=.1 ,ITALIC ^W 9DICATOR .=.7 ,ITALIC PASSAGE 9DICATOR .=.' ,ITALIC T]M9ATOR .=,' ,CAPITALISA;N T]M9ATOR .=,, ,CAPITALIS$ ^W 9DICATOR .=,,, ,CAPITALIS$ PASSAGE 9DICATOR T#B ,,LAWS3 ,T5 ,PROBLEMS ,= #A ,GLOBAL ,SECUR;Y ^7,MEMOR&UM = DELEGATES AT ! ,3V5;N ON ,C]TA9 ,3V5;NAL ,W1PONS "<,,CCW"> ,MEET+ ( ,EXP]TS ON ,LE?AL ,AUTONOM\S ,W1PONS ,SY/EMS "<,,LAWS"> ,G5EVA1 #AC-#AG ,APRIL #BJAE^' ,,ICRAC IS AN 9T]NA;NAL N-=-PR(IT ASSOCIA;N ( SCI5TI/S1 TE*NOLOGI/S1 LAWY]S1 & POLICY EXP]TS COMMITT$ TO ! P1CE;L USE ( ROBOTICS 9 ! S]VICE ( HUMAN;Y & ! REGULA;N ( ROBOT W1PONS HTTP3_/_/WWW4ICRAC4NET4 ,,ICRAC IS A F.D+ MEMB] ( ! ,CAMPAIGN TO ,/OP ,KILL] ,ROBOTS HTTP3_/_/WWW4/OPKILL]ROBOTS4ORG4 ,WE >E 9 ! MID/ ( A ROBOTICS REVOLU;N T IS 2G9N+ TO MOVE ! 3TROL ( _M PROCESSES \ ( HUMAN H&S4 ,S* ADV.ES C HELP TO MAKE \R LIVES BETT] BY TAK+ C>E ( DULL1 DIRTY1 & #A ,,LAWS3 ,T5 ,PROBLEMS ,= A#A ,GLOBAL ,SECUR;Y DANG]\S TASKS1 9CR1S+ PRODUCTIV;Y & HELP+ TO MITIGATE ! IMPACTS ( NATURAL 4A/]S & ASSI/+ HUMAN;Y 9 G5]AL4 ,B WE M/ 2 W>Y ( ! *ALL5GES & E?ICAL RISKS T M AUTOMA;N POSES TO \R HUMAN;Y4 ,Z WE 9CR1S+LY DELEGATE IMPORTANT DECI.NS TO MA*9ES1 WE M/ ASK3 _4 ,:AT ASPECTS ( HUMAN LIFE D WE WANT TO AUTOMATE8 _4 ,>E "! ESS5TIALLY HUMAN DECI.NS T WE WI% TO KEEP FIRMLY 9 HUMAN H&S8 ,,ICRAC WI%ES TO DRAW A BOLD R$ L9E & KEEP "O S* DECI.N1 ! DECI.N TO APPLY VIOL5T =CE1 \ ( ! AUTOMAT$ R1LM3 ^7.7,WE M/ N DELEGATE ! DECI.N TO KILL TO MA*9ES4.'^' ,"S >GUE T ! AUTOMA;N ( W1PONS HAS BE5 EMPLOY$ = _M YE>S4 ,EXAMPLES 9CLUDE CLOSE-9 W1PONS SY/EMS1 CRUISE #B ,,LAWS3 ,T5 ,PROBLEMS ,= B#A ,GLOBAL ,SECUR;Y MISSILES1 LOCK-ON AF LAUN* H1T-SEEK+ MISSILES & WIDE->EA SE>*-&-DE/ROY LOIT]+ MUNI;NS4 ,"! H BE5 _M 4CUS.NS AB PRECISE DEF9I;NS ( ,LE?AL ,AUTONOM\S ,W1PONS ,SY/EM "<,,LAWS">1 "U :AT CIRCUM/.ES !Y C COMPLY ) ,9T]NA;NAL ,HUMANIT>IAN ,LAW "<,,IHL">1 & AB :AT X M1NS = A W1PON TO REMA9 "U M1N+;L HUMAN 3TROL8 ,H["E1 WE M/ N LOSE SIE LIKELY TO TAKE U 9 ! FUTURE1 IF "S FUNDA;TAL PR9CIPLES >E N UPHELD4 ,"H >E T5 ( ! R1SONS :Y ,,LAWS CD P]IL\SLY IMPACT GLOBAL SECUR;Y4 ^7,T5 PROBLEMS = GLOBAL SECUR;Y^' ^1#A4 ^1,PROLIF]A;N ,:5 A W1PON CR1TES ANY MILIT>Y ADVANTAGE NA;NS W RU% TO ACQUIRE X4 )\T AN 9T]NA;NAL MUZZLE ON ! DEVELOP;T1 TE/+1 & PRODUC;N ( ,,LAWS1 WE >E LIKELY TO #C ,,LAWS3 ,T5 ,PROBLEMS ,= C#A ,GLOBAL ,SECUR;Y SEE MASS PROLIF]A;N ( ^! W1PONS & C.T] W1PONS4 ,N ALL NA;NS W H ! ABIL;Y TO C>RY \ W1PONS REVIEWS ( ,,LAWS REQUIR$ "U 9T]NA;NAL LAW4 ,X IS N DI6ICULT TO CR1TE ,,LAWS :5 "! IS 9SU6ICI5T 3SID]A;N = ,,IHL4 ^7#B4 ,L[]$ ?RE%OLD = >M$ 3FLICTS^' ,,LAWS CD L1D TO M AC;N %ORT ( W>F>E BY M9IMIS+ HUMAN MILIT>Y =CES 9 3FLICT Z"OS4 ,? CD 5ABLE /ATES TO 9ITIATE ! USE ( VIOL5T =CE )\T ! 3SULTA;N PROC$URES REQUIR$ TO DEPLOY TROOPS ON ! GR.D4 ,BY REMOV+ ^! 9HIBITORS ( VIOL5T AC;N1 "S CD 2 S$UC$ 9TO M >M$ 3FLICTS ,- AT ! EXP5SE ( CIVILIAN POPULA;NS4 --------------------------------------#B ^7#C4 ,3T9U\S GLOBAL BATTLEFIELD^' ,"O R1SON = ! DEVELOP;T ( ,,LAWS IS ! P]SI/;E ( UNMANN$ VEHICLES4 ,"S CURR5T REMOTELY PILOT$ A]IAL VEHICLES H #D ,,LAWS3 ,T5 ,PROBLEMS ,= A#B ,GLOBAL ,SECUR;Y BE5 EMPLOY$ TO MONITOR & ATTACK T>GETS OV] L;G "T P]IODS4 ,)\T ! REQUIRE;T = A REMOTE OP]ATOR TO MA9TA9 VIGIL.E1 ,,LAWS CD 2 LEFT 2H ,- L L&M9ES ,- TO PATROL PO/-3FLICT Z"OS & CD ?US CR1TE A 3T9U\S GLOBAL BATTLEFIELD4 ,! RESULT CD H DEVA/AT+ PSY*O-SOCIAL 3SEQU;ES4 ^7#D4 ,UNPR$ICTABIL;Y ( 9T]AC;N^' ,Z M C.TRIES EMPLOY ,,LAWS & AUTONOM\S C.T] DEF5SES1 ^! W1PONS Z WELL Z COMM& & 3TROL SY/EMS W 9EVITABLY 9T]ACT4 ,:5 ANY MOBILE DEVICE 3TROLL$ BY S(TW>E PROGRAMS 9T]ACTS ) A COMPET+ HO/ILE DEVICE 3TROLL$ BY UN"KN S(TW>E1 ! RESULT ( ! 9T]AC;N IS SCI5TIFICALLY IMPOSSIBLE TO PR$ICT4 ^7#E4 ,A3EL]AT+ ! PACE ( BATTLE^' ,"O ( ! MO/ COMMON R1SONS GIV5 TO SUPPORT ! USE ( ,,LAWS IS T ! PACE ( BATTLE IS 9CR1S+ TO A PO9T ": HUMAN DECI.N-MAK+ IS N FA/ 54 ,NEW #E ,,LAWS3 ,T5 ,PROBLEMS ,= B#B ,GLOBAL ,SECUR;Y PROTOTYPES 9 ! UNMANN$ SY/EMS DOMA9 >E 9CR1S+LY 2+ TE/$ AT SUP]SONIC & HYP]SONIC SPE$S4 ,? W REQUIRE EV5 FA/] AUTONOM\S RESPONSE DEVICES T 9 TURN W REQUIRE "E-FA/] W1PONS4 ,X IS N H>D TO SEE T S* A 8PACE RACE0 W EQUATE TO HUMANS HAV+ LL 3TROL OV] ! BATTLE-SPACE4 ^7#F4 ,A3ID5TAL 3FLICT^' ,IF ! DEVELOP;T & PROLIF]A;N ( ,,LAWS IS ALL[$ TO 3T9UE1 SUP]SONIC OR HYP]SONIC " SY/EMS ( "O /ATE CD 9T]ACT ) EQUALLY FA/ ,,LAWS F ANO!R /ATE4 ,! SPE$ ( _! UNPR$ICTABLE 9T]AC;N CD TRI7] UN9T5D$ >M$ 3FLICTS 2F HUMANS _H ! OPPORTUN;Y TO REACT4 ^7#G4 ,MILIT>IZA;N ( ! CIVILIAN _W^' ,WE >E ALR SEE+ ! USE ( NEW UNMANN$ W> TE*NOLOGIES 9 CIVILIAN SETT+S4 ,LAW 5=CE;T & BORD] 3TROL AG5CIES >E US+ UNMANN$ SY/EMS = SURVEILL.E4 ,"S #F ,,LAWS3 ,T5 ,PROBLEMS ,= C#B ,GLOBAL ,SECUR;Y COMPANIES >E EV5 >M+ !M ) ,TAS]S1 PEPP] SPRAYS & O!R S-CALL$ 8LESS ?AN LE?AL0 AMMUNI;N4 ,) AUTONOM\S T>GET+ TE*NOLOGY ? CD L1D TO VIOLA;NS ( HUMAN & CIVIL "RS BY POLICE & PRIVATE SECUR;Y =CES ) LL POSSIBIL;Y ( A3.TABIL;Y4 ^7#H4 ,AUTOMAT$ OPPRES.N^' ,,LAWS WD 2 AN ATTRACTIVE TOOL = ! OPPRES.N ( POPULA;NS & ! SUPPRES.N ( P1CE;L PROTE/ & POLITICAL *ANGE4 ,:ILE SOLDI]S C 9 PR9CIPLE REFUSE TO TURN _! W1PONS ON _! [N P1 ,,LAWS W KILL M]CI.SLY ON ! BASIS ( _! COD$ 9/RUC;NS4 ^7#I4 ,NON-/ATE ACTORS^' ,WE >E CURR5TLY WIT;S+ AN UNPREC$5T$ DI6U.N ( TE*NOLOGY4 ,! CO/ ( ROBOTICS DEVELOP;T IS FALL+1 ) ! REQUIR$ (F-!-%ELF H>DW>E N[ WIDELY AVAILABLE4 ,IF AUTONOM\S W1PONS DEVELOP;T IS ALL[$ TO 3T9UE X W N 2 L;G 2F WE SEE CRUDE COPIES OR GREY M>KET EXPORTS 9 ! #G ,,LAWS3 ,T5 ,PROBLEMS ,= D#B ,GLOBAL ,SECUR;Y H&S ( NON-/ATE >M$ ACTORS4 ^7#AJ4 ,CYB] VULN]ABIL;Y^' ,HUMANS NE$ TO 2 9 3TROL ( W1PON SY/EMS TO C.T] _M ( ! POT5TIAL DANG]S ) 5TIRELY COMPUT]IS$ & AUTONOM\S W1PONS4 ,! RISKS ( S(TW>E COD+ ]RORS1 MALFUNC;NS1 DEGRADA;N ( COMMUNICA;NS1 & ESPECIALLY 5EMY CYB]-ATTACKS1 9FILTRA;NS 9TO ! 9DU/RIAL SUPPLY *A91 JAMM+1 & SPO(+ MAKE ,,LAWS 9H]5TLY 9SECURE4 ^1,3CLU.N ,WE >E AT A CRITICAL JUNCTURE 9 ! EVOLU;N ( W1PONS4 ,! 5D PO9T ( 9CR1S+ W1PONS' AUTOMA;N IS FULL AUTONOMY1 ": HUMAN 2+S H LL 3TROL OV] ! C\RSE ( 3FLICTS & EV5TS 9 BATTLE4 ,AT ? PO9T 9 "T1 X IS / )9 \R P[] TO /OP ! AUTOMA;N ( ! KILL DECI.N1 BY 5SUR+ T E W1PON REMA9S M1N+;LLY 3TROLL$ BY HUMANS4 ,BO? HUMANS & COMPUT] SY/EMS H #H ,,LAWS3 ,T5 ,PROBLEMS ,= E#B ,GLOBAL ,SECUR;Y _! /R5G?S & W1K;SES1 & ! AIM ( DESIGN+ E6ECTIVE SUP]VISORY SY/EMS = W1PONS 3TROL M/ 2 TO EXPLOIT ! /R5G?S ( BO?4 ,? WAY1 X IS POSSIBLE N ONLY TO GA9 BETT] LEGAL COMPLI.E1 B AL TO 5SURE T ! "PN]%IP 2T HUMAN & MA*9E BE/ 5SURES ! PROTEC;N ( CIVILIANS1 _! HUMAN DIGN;Y & \R WID] GLOBAL SECUR;Y4 ,,! ,,5D #I